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Topic 4: Oscillations and waves
Topic Area
You must know
;
You should be able to
:
Before
After
What is meant by an oscillation.
The defi nitions of time period, frequency, amplitude, phase difference.
The conditions for simple harmonic motion.
The relationship between acceleration and displacement in simple harmonic motion.
Sketch and interpret graphs for simple harmonic motion of displacement-time, velocity-time, acceleration-time and acceleration-
displacement.
Describe the energy changes that take place in one cycle of an oscillation.
What is meant by wavelength, frequency and wave speed.
Energy is transmitted in a wave without overall disturbance of the medium.
The distinction between transverse and longitudinal waves.
The nature of electromagnetic waves.
The order of magnitude of wavelengths for the principal regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Explain particle motion in a medium that leads to transverse and longitudinal waves.
Sketch and interpret distance-time and distance-displacement graphs for transverse and longitudinal waves.
Solve problems involving wave speed, frequency and wavelength.
Describe and experimental method for investigating the speed of sound.
Wave shape is indicated by a wavefront.
The meaning of amplitude and intensity.
A ray is locally at 90
o
to the wavefront and shows the direction in which a wave is moving.
Intensity of a wave is power per unit area.
Intensity of a wave is proportional to amplitude
2
.
Superposition occurs when two or more wave are added together.
The meaning of polarisation.
Only transverse waves can be polarised.
Sketch and interpret diagrams involving wavefronts and rays.
Solve problems involving amplitude, intensity and the inverse square law.
Sketch and interpret the superposition of pulses and waves.
Sketch and interpret diagrams that illustrate polarised, reflected and transmitted beams.
Solve problems using Malus’s law.
Calculate the resultant of two waves or pulses using algebra or graphs.
4.1 Oscillations
4.2 Travelling waves
4.3 Wave
characteristics
